Trauma Nurse Core Course (TNCC) Practice Exam

What is the best way to assess neurological status in an unconscious trauma patient?

1. Checking pupil response to light

2. Assessing motor response to stimuli

3. Evaluating vital signs

4. Monitoring for signs of shock

The correct answer is: Checking pupil response to light

Checking pupil response to light is a vital aspect of assessing neurological status in an unconscious trauma patient because it provides immediate insight into the functioning of the brainstem and the integrity of the pathways that control pupillary response. The pupils' size, equality, and reactivity to light can indicate various neurological conditions and potential damage. For instance, fixed and dilated pupils may suggest increased intracranial pressure or severe brain injury, while constricted pupils could point to certain drug overdoses or brainstem lesions. While other assessments like evaluating motor response and checking vital signs are also important in a comprehensive neurological assessment, pupil response is typically one of the first indicators observed during an initial evaluation, allowing for quick recognition of any immediate life-threatening conditions related to brain function. Monitoring for signs of shock, while crucial in trauma care, primarily focuses on circulatory status rather than direct neurological assessment. Thus, pupil response is the best standalone measure for assessing neurological status in an unconscious patient.