Trauma Nurse Core Course (TNCC) Practice Exam

For a patient in respiratory distress after a fire, what rate should fluid resuscitation start at?

1. 1000 mL/hr

2. 500 mL/hr

3. 250 mL/hr

4. 125 mL/hr

The correct answer is: 500 mL/hr

In the context of a patient experiencing respiratory distress after a fire, initiating fluid resuscitation is crucial due to the potential for significant fluid loss from smoke inhalation, burns, or stress on the body. Starting at a rate of 500 mL/hr allows for an effective balance between quickly addressing potential hypovolemia and preventing fluid overload, which could exacerbate respiratory distress. In situations where the patient may have compromised lung function, like after fire exposure, it is essential to monitor fluid intake closely. A rate of 500 mL/hr can facilitate adequate perfusion and help maintain blood pressure without overwhelming the cardiovascular system, which may already be under stress. This approach supports stabilization while allowing for ongoing assessment and adjustment based on the patient’s response and clinical condition. Higher rates, such as 1000 mL/hr, could lead to rapid fluid accumulation, posing a risk of pulmonary edema or worsening respiratory distress. On the other hand, lower rates like 250 mL/hr or 125 mL/hr may not sufficiently address the immediate needs of a patient in distress, risking inadequate fluid resuscitation and potential organ hypoperfusion. Thus, the 500 mL/hr rate is optimal for both rapid intervention and cautious management of fluid res